№707. Идеальная машина, работающая по обратному циклу Карно, забирает тепло от воды, имеющей начальную температуру 0 °С, и передает его кипятильнику с водой, имеющему температуру 100 °С. Сколько воды превращается в пар при образовании льда массой 1 кг?
In order to calculate the amount of water that turns into steam when ice weighing 1 kg is formed, you need to use the principles of thermodynamics and the Carnot cycle. The Carnot cycle is an ideal reversible thermodynamic cycle that consists of two adiabatic and two isothermal processes. The idea behind the Carnot cycle is to take heat energy from one source, in this case water at 0 °C, and convert it into mechanical work. This work is then transformed into heat in the second process, which involves heating the water to 100 °C. In the third process, the water is brought back to its original temperature, and in the fourth process, the water is cooled back to 0 °C. The amount of water that is turned into steam during this process is equal to the difference between the starting and final mass of the water at 0 °C, which is 1 kg, and the mass of the ice formed. Therefore, the answer is that 1 kg of water will turn into 1 kg of ice as the result of the heat transfer during the Carnot cycle.
